Which cellular component is responsible for protein synthesis?

Which cellular component is responsible for protein synthesis?

• A. Nucleus
• B. Mitochondrion
• C. Ribosome
• D. Golgi apparatus

Answer: (C)

Protein synthesis is carried out by ribosomes, the cellular machines that read the genetic message and link amino acids together to form proteins. They function in the cytoplasm and can be free or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum, but in either case, they are the site where proteins are actually built. The nucleus stores DNA and is where transcription happens, not where proteins are assembled. The mitochondrion focuses mainly on energy production, with only a small, specialized set of proteins synthesized there. The Golgi apparatus then takes the newly made proteins, modifying and shipping them to their destinations. So the ribosome is the best answer because it directly performs the protein-building task.

Protein synthesis is carried out by ribosomes, the cellular machines that read the genetic message and link amino acids together to form proteins. They function in the cytoplasm and can be free or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum, but in either case, they are the site where proteins are actually built. The nucleus stores DNA and is where transcription happens, not where proteins are assembled. The mitochondrion focuses mainly on energy production, with only a small, specialized set of proteins synthesized there. The Golgi apparatus then takes the newly made proteins, modifying and shipping them to their destinations. So the ribosome is the best answer because it directly performs the protein-building task.